文章名：Medical and Folklore Images During Pandemics: A Study of Edo Period Epidemic Visual Culture(疫情下的医学与民俗图像：江户时代疫病视觉文化研究)

作者：曾毅，肖永芝

发表刊物：Chinese Medicine and Culture

发表年份：2025

摘要：Edo-period historical records and documents preserved a substantial number of images, many of which are related to epidemic outbreaks. Through systematic collation and categorical analysis, this study uses the chronological and thematic characteristics of these images as a framework to examine the response mechanisms of the Japanese government and public during infectious disease pandemics in the Edo period, as well as the multidimensional impacts of epidemics on social economy, culture, and customs. Illustrations of smallpox in medical texts reveal the developmental trajectory of Japan’s traditional medical knowledge system, while drawings in essays and diaries reflect public fear and non-medical cognitive patterns during cholera outbreaks. Epidemic-themed paintings not only document cholera treatment protocols by the government and medical professionals, as well as grassroots prevention and treatment practices for measles, but also vividly depict social dynamics during crises. Images related to epidemics in advertising reflect the prosperity of the pharmaceutical industry in the Edo period, while depictions in folding screens, ukiyozoushi and the occupational illustrations demonstrate societal customs for epidemic response. Collectively, the Edo-period epidemic crises profoundly shaped Japan’s medical system, economic structure, cultural forms, folk traditions, and public psychology, prompting the government, medical professionals, and civilians to develop distinct era-specific social coping mechanisms.

（江户时代历史文献中保存的大量图像资料，包含诸多与疫病相关的内容。本文通过系统整理与分类分析，以图像的时间分布与主题特征为分析框架，考察江户时期传染病大流行中幕府与民众的应对机制，以及疫情对社会经济、文化习俗产生的多维度影响。医学文本中的天花插图，清晰展现日本传统医学知识的发展轨迹；随笔与日记中的霍乱绘画，反映了疫情期间公众的恐慌情绪与非医学认知模式。以流行病为主题的绘画，完整记录幕府与医者的霍乱救治方案、基层社会的麻疹防治实践，同时呈现疫情危机下的社会实态。广告中的疫病图像映现出江户药业市场的商业化活力与广告传播的成熟；屏风、浮世草子及职业图鉴中的描绘，则直观展现民间应对疫情的习俗传统。江户时代的疫情深刻影响了日本医疗体系、经济结构、文化形态、民间传统与公众心理，促使政府、医者与平民发展出具有鲜明时代特征的社会应对机制。）